Onesicritus — Helmsman and later writer
Iakovos Garivaldis OAM This is another high commander in Alexander’s army, mainly part of the naval command. He was a Greek historian and Cynic philosopher … Read More
Menidas, Aretes, Demetrius — Cavalry
We continue with the three squadron commanders in Alexander’s army who were crucial in the victory over at Gaugamela, a wide plain near modern-day Tel Gomel in northern Iraq (northeast of Nineveh and Mosul). It was the second and final major clash between Alexander the Great of Macedon and King Darius III which decided the Greco-Persian war.
Craterus
This time we consider the contribution of one of the most trusted and capable High Commanders in Alexander the Great’s army who actually lead the phalanx into battle. What is the etymology if his name in Ancient Greek, let’s find out…
Black Cleomenes, Leonnatus, Aristonous — Bodyguards and officers
We continue analysing the lives and achievements of three bodyguards and high ranked officers in Alexander the Great’s army that conquered Asia Minor, the Persian Empire, even India before he faced a revolt within his army who were getting tired and missed their families back home. Very interesting stories of struggle, bravery and survival of the fittest.
Cleitus, Leonnatus, Aristonous
We continue with Alexander the Great’s commanders, searching for ‘areti’ (Αρετή = virtue+bravery+rightousness+…) in all of his officers. This time we examine Cleitus the Black to distinguish him from another, Leonnatus and Aristonous. All senior commanders.
Βιβλιοπαρουσίαση “‘Ηχοι Ανατολικής Θράκης”
Την Κυριακή 13 Σεπτεμβρίου 2026, σε κλίμα ιδιαίτερης συγκίνησης, με πλούσια παραδοσιακή μουσική, χορούς και απαγγελίες, πραγματοποιήθηκε η παρουσίαση του νέου βιβλίου του Ιάκωβου Γαριβάλδη OAM, με τίτλο «Ήχοι Ανατολικής Θράκης – Φωνές Στα Συντρίμμια» (Εκδόσεις Ναυτίλος)
Σλαῦοι. Λαοὶ τῆς Εὐρώπης
Ἅρπαγες λαοὶ τῆς Ἀνατολῆς ἦλθον ἐπὶ ἡγεμόνος (Κων/νου Δ’) Πωγωνάτου. Ἀριστοτέλης Ντοβόρης ὁμηριστὴς συγγραφεύς Ἡ ἱστορία τῶν Σλαύων καλύπτεται ὑπὸ τοῦ σκότους πρὶν τὸν δ¢ … Read More
Authenticity Over Impression
Society extends different permissions to men and women as they age. A man with silver hair and deepening lines is often described as “distinguished” or “seasoned.” A woman who makes the identical decision—to stop dyeing her hair, to forgo makeup, to let time show on her face—is often met with concern…
Coenus and Meleager
We take another look at the army of Alexander the Great with two of his most trusted infantry commanders that helped him tremendously in his campaign, even after reaching India and the Hyphasis (Beas) River, as Alexander wanted to push further east toward the Ganges River and the powerful Nanda Empire.
Antigonus and Nearchus
Among the remarkable cast of commanders who served Alexander the Great, Antigonus the One-Eyed and Nearchus the Cretan represent two very different expressions of loyalty, ambition, and capability — one a ferocious land commander who nearly reunited Alexander’s empire by force…
Ptolemy and Lysimachus
Continuing with the most important commanders and officers of Alexander the Great’s army which conquered the known world we are examining the lives of two more of his close companions that later became rulers of different parts of his empire.
Hephaestion
We continue looking at the expedition to the east of Macedonia Alexander’s commanders and this time we decided to take on only one name that of the best friend of Alexander, as they were together from their schooling times. Let us see how their friendship developed and where Hephaestion was useful to Alexander.
Philotas and Antipater
We continue with the commanders of Alexander the Great’s expedition to the East of Macedonia with two very important persons in his senior camp. Here we examine the lives of two commanders who started as positive for Alexander’s campaign but finished up problematic…
Parmenion, Craterus, Perdiccas
Together, these three commanders illustrated the multi-faceted nature of Alexander’s campaigns. Parmenion provided the essential strategic framework, Craterus embodied the fierce loyalty and martial spirit of the troops, and Perdiccas represented the sweeping, tragic political ambitions that defined the post-Alexandrian world.
Seleucus and Neoptolemus
The stories of Seleucus and Neoptolemus represent two vastly different paths taken by the officers who served under Alexander the Great. One went on to forge the largest empire of the Hellenistic age, while the other fell early to betrayal and a bloody duel.